Predicting Shear Capacity of RC Beams Strengthened with NSM FRP Using Neural Networks

This research aims to predict the shear capacity of NSM FRP beams using the neural network method. The study investigates the key considerations and the necessary analysis for this prediction. NSM FRP beams are reinforced concrete beams that are strengthened with near-surface mounted (NSM) fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) composites. Accurately predicting their shear capacity is important for ensuring their safety and reliability in real-world applications. The neural network method is a machine learning approach that is increasingly used in engineering analysis and design. The study explores how this method can be used to predict the shear capacity of NSM FRP beams and what factors should be taken into account in this analysis. The research also discusses the analytical approach required for this prediction, highlighting the necessary steps for obtaining accurate results. Overall, this study provides valuable insights into the use of the neural network method for predicting the shear capacity of NSM FRP beams. The findings can help inform future research and practical applications in the field of structural engineering, contributing to the development of safer and more reliable structures

Machine Learning-Based Prediction of Compressive Performance in Circular Concrete Columns Confined with FRP

This article presents a comprehensive investigation, focusing on the prediction and formulation of the design equation of compressive strength of circular concrete columns confined with Fiber Reinforced Polymer (FRP) using advanced machine learning models. Through an extensive analysis of 170 experimental data specimens, the study examines the effects of six key parameters, including concrete cylinder diameter, concrete cylinder-FRP thickness, compressive strength of concrete without FRP, initial compressive strain of concrete without FRP, elastic modulus and tensile strength of FRP, on the compressive strength of the circular concrete columns confined with FRP. The predictive model and design equation of compressive strength is developed using a machine learning technique, specifically the artificial neural networks (ANN) model. The results demonstrates strong correlations between the compressive strength of the circular concrete columns confined with FRP and certain factors, such as the compressive strength of the concrete and compressive strain of the concrete column without FRP, elastic modulus of FRP, and tensile strength of FRP. The ANN model specifically developed using Neural Designer, exhibits superior predictive accuracy compared to other constitutive models, showcasing its potential for practical implementation. The study's findings contribute valuable insights into accurately predicting the compressive performance of circular concrete columns confined with FRP, which can aid in optimizing and designing civil engineering structures for enhanced performance and efficiency

Compensating Chromatic Dispersion and Phase Noise using Parallel AFB-MBPS For FBMC-OQAM Optical Communication System

Filter Bank Multi-Carrier Offset-QAM (FBMC-OQAM) is one of the hottest topics in research for 5G multi-carrier methods because of its high efficiency in the spectrum, minimal leakage in the side lobes, zero cyclic prefix (CP), and multiphase filter design. Large-scale subcarrier configurations in optical fiber networks need the use of FBMC-OQAM. Chromatic dispersion is critical in optical fiber transmission because it causes different spectral waves (color beams) to travel at different rates. Laser phase noise, which arises when the phase of the laser output drifts with time, is a major barrier that lowers throughput in fiber-optic communication systems. This deterioration may be closely related among channels that share lasers in multichannel fiber-optic systems using methods like wavelength-division multiplexing with frequency combs or space-division multiplexing. In this research, we use parallel Analysis Filter Bank (AFB) equalizers in the receiver part of the FBMC OQAM Optical Communication system to compensate for chromatic dispersion (CD) and phase noise (PN). Following the equalization of CD compensation, the phase of the carriers in the received signal is tracked and compensated using Modified Blind Phase Search (MBPS). The CD and PN compensation techniques are simulated and analyzed numerically and graphically to determine their efficacy. To evaluate the FBMC\u27s efficiency across various equalizers, 16-OQAM is taken into account. Bit Error Rate (BER), Optical Signal-to-Noise Ratio (OSNR), Q-Factor, and Mean Square Error (MSE) were the primary metrics we utilized to evaluate performance. Single-tap equalizer, multi-tap equalizer (N=3), ISDF equalizer with suggested Parallel Analysis Filter Banks (AFBs) (K=3), and MBPS were all set aside for comparison. When compared to other forms of Nonlinear compensation (NLC), the CD and PN tolerance attained by Parallel AFB equalization with MBPS is the greatest

Undiagnosed asymptomatic second trimester broad ligament ectopic pregnancy: a case report and mini-review

Pregnancy in the broad ligament is a retro-peritoneal abdominal pregnancy. It is a rare form in which the gestational tissue gets implanted between the layers of the broad ligament. Due to its rarity, the diagnosis is infrequently established before surgical intervention. A twenty-five year old nulliparous woman presented for routine antenatal care in the second trimester (±17 weeks). Routine ultrasound revealed an empty uterus with a large pelviabdominal mass. This picture suggested and undiagnosed extra-uterine pregnancy. A right broad ligament ectopic pregnancy was diagnosed at exploratory laparotomy, excision of pregnancy and right salpingectomy was performed. Postoperative course was uneventful and serum hCG was undetectable at the fourth week after surgery. Information about this rare form of ectopic pregnancy is observational and mainly comes from reported cases. A high index of suspicion is needed for early diagnosis and intervention

Undiagnosed asymptomatic second trimester broad ligament ectopic pregnancy: a case report and mini-review

Pregnancy in the broad ligament is a retro-peritoneal abdominal pregnancy. It is a rare form in which the gestational tissue gets implanted between the layers of the broad ligament. Due to its rarity, the diagnosis is infrequently established before surgical intervention. A twenty-five year old nulliparous woman presented for routine antenatal care in the second trimester (±17 weeks). Routine ultrasound revealed an empty uterus with a large pelviabdominal mass. This picture suggested and undiagnosed extra-uterine pregnancy. A right broad ligament ectopic pregnancy was diagnosed at exploratory laparotomy, excision of pregnancy and right salpingectomy was performed. Postoperative course was uneventful and serum hCG was undetectable at the fourth week after surgery. Information about this rare form of ectopic pregnancy is observational and mainly comes from reported cases. A high index of suspicion is needed for early diagnosis and intervention

An exploration into senior managers' effectiveness: the case of the Muscat Municipality, Oman

Since the eighties there has been a concerted effort to reform the public sector in order to, amongst other things, improve their performance and service delivery to the public. Large scale and capital intensive projects are required, especially within Oman a developing country, for ensuring development and improved service for the citizen. The planning, implementation and maintenance of these initiatives rests on public sector institutions. The role and effectiveness of senior managers play a significant part in the overall success of their organisations and the development of their nations. The main concern of this research is to explore and identifying the behavioural influences which contribute to the increased effectiveness of the senior managers of the Muscat Municipality, Oman. This research utilises a combination of qualitative and quantitative methodologies. In addressing the leadership effectiveness in Oman, it utilises and contextualises Analoui’s (2002) model of eight parameters for effectiveness as a basis to explore the awareness, perceptions, skills, organisational criteria, motivation, degree of demands and constraints, choices and opportunities, and dominant leadership philosophy for effectiveness. Based on the above, suggestions have been made to improve the content and context of senior managers’ work to increase their effectiveness in Oman. This first time study contributes to the present knowledge and understanding of the subject by contextualising the concept of ‘Managerial Effectiveness’ in Oman’s public sector. It concludes that better understanding of the subject requires attention being paid to the identified parameters of senior managers’ effectiveness. Moreover, consideration should be given to the influences and impact of the above parameters on personal, organisational and external contexts in Oman. These will lead to improved performance and organisational effectiveness as the whol

Level of Serum Uric Acid in Pre-eclamptic and Normal Pregnant Women

Objective: The objective of study was to find out serum uric acid level in normal andpreeclamptic pregnant women of third trimester visiting outpatient department of obstetrics and gynecology of Bahawal Victoria Hospital, Bahawalpur. Methodology: It was a cross sectional descriptive study conducted form July 2018 to June 2019. All primigravida women of age 18-35 years in third trimester of singleton pregnancy attending in Obstetrics and Gynecology Outpatient Department of Bahawal Victoria Hospital in study duration were included in the study. Statistical analysis was performed by using SPSS version 14. Chi-square test was performed to find the statistical difference regarding uric acid distribution between groups and ‘p' value <0.05 was considered as a lowest level of significance. Results: Out of total 1212 women 84.6% were normal and 15.4% had preeclampsia. In our study out of 187 preeclamptic women, 63.6% had raised serum uric acid level and out of 268 normal pregnant women uric acid level was raised in only 39.5%. Results were found statistically significant. Conclusion: Results of our study suggest that serum uric acid level in pregnant women can be used as a useful and inexpensive marker in prediction of preeclampsia and preventive measures can be taken accordingly

Pollution Problems in Koya City due to Private Electrical Generators

Koya city, like any other city in the world, faces a critical environmental problem which is global warming and the increase in the rate of production of gaseous pollutants. This research is involved with the negative effects of private Electrical Power Generators (EPGs) on the environment in Koya City. The environmental pollutants resulted from EPGs were investigated by performing an actual study on land for the number of (EPGs), types, and distribution. Koya city is divided into 18 quarters. The investigation covers a period from 2009 to 2017, included. The production of power was increased due to the increase in the number of generators and supplying hours. The power production in 2009 was 23,850 megawatt (MW) whereas it was 49,635 MW in 2017. The amount of fuel consumed in 2009–2017 was relatively increased from 30,000 to 62,500 barrel/year. The total amount of pollutants was increased by about 108% during the period 2009–2017. The results showed that the most significant increase in pollutants was carbon dioxide (CO2). The annual amount of (CO2) emitted in 2009 was 6588 tons whereas it has increased in 2017–13710 tons. The conclusion of this study was that the highest pollution occurred in the center of Koya City in Nabeel quarter, which represented 22% of the whole pollutants

Focused and collimated Gaussian laser beam scintillation in weakly turbulent marine atmospheric medium

The scintillation index on the axis for Gaussian beams focused and collimated in weak marine turbulence is formulated via the usage of Rytov method. The average bit error rate is evaluated using this formulation. The scintillation index and versus propagation distance and source size are determined by using the log-normal distributed. Intensity for the collimated and focused. Gaussian beams, which are exhibited for wavelength, source size, focal length, and . The focused beams are revealing more advantageous than collimated beams in an atmospheric marine environment. The findings of this study are significant for optical communication system performance in this layer

The effect of music on pain perception in women scheduled for elective cesarean section: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Objective: To study the effect of music on pain perception in women scheduled for elective cesarean section (CS) Search Strategy: We used the following keywords (“music” or “music therapy” and any of the following: cesarean section OR cesarean delivery OR CS OR cesarean OR Caesarean OR "post-op*) Selection Criteria: We included all studies satisfying the following criteria: (1) Population: pregnant women scheduled for cesarean section. (2) Intervention: the addition of any type of music to routine care compared with routine care alone. (3) Study design: randomized controlled trials (RCTs). We excluded the following: (1) non-randomized trials, (2) in vitro and animal studies, (3) studies in languages other than English, and (4) studies whose data were unreliable for extraction and analysis. Data Collection and Analysis: Data extraction was independently performed using a standardized form. In case of discrepancies, a consensus was reached after the involvement of the senior investigator. Then, data were extracted from assessed articles and entered RevMan software for meta-analysis. Main Results: Pooled data significantly favored the music group over the non-music one in terms of pain and anxiety scores (p<0.001). Heart rate, systolic and diastolic blood pressure did not differ significantly between both groups. Conclusion: Music can be used during, before, and after cesarean section to reduce associated pain and anxiety